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The 2011 Texas wildfires were a series of destructive wildfires in Texas, United States that occurred in the 2011 fire season. Statistics on the fires have been recorded since the current fire season began November 15, 2010.〔(''Texas Forest Service'' ) September 2, 2011.〕 During 2011 in Texas, around 31,453 fires had burned 〔 "2011 Texas Wildfires: Common Denominators of Home Destruction", tamu.edu, December 2011, webpage (PDF): (tamu-TW ). 〕 (about double the previous record), 2,947 homes〔 (1,939 of which were destroyed over the Labor Day weekend), and over 2,700 other structures.〔() September 20, 2011.〕 47.3% of all acreage burned in the United States in 2011 was burned in Texas. The fires had been particularly severe due to the 2011 Southern US drought that covered the state, and was exacerbated by the unusual convergence of strong winds, unseasonably warm temperatures, and low humidity. Timber lost to drought and wildfire in 2011 could have produced $1.6 billion worth of products, resulting in a $3.4 billion economic impact in East Texas.〔(Texas Water Report: Going Deeper for the Solution ) Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts. Retrieved 2/10/14.〕 Firefighters from more than forty-three states have been involved in the operation to combat the fires. Two firefighters were killed. Eastland volunteer firefighter Gregory M. Simmons, 51, died April 15 while battling a blaze Friday afternoon near Eastland. Cactus volunteer firefighter Elias Jaquez died April 20 from injuries sustained while fighting a blaze April 9 in Moore County. On Sunday, September 4, 2011, a firestorm known as the Bastrop County Complex Fire engulfed Bastrop, Texas and by September 30 had destroyed 1,645 homes, burned 34,068 acres, and killed two people.〔()〕 This fire is now regarded as the most catastrophic wildfire in Texas history.〔()〕 Texas Governor Rick Perry declared a State of Disaster starting on December 21, 2010, and renewed the proclamation every month. On April 16, 2011, Perry asked that President Barack Obama declare 252 of 254 Texas counties as disaster areas due to wildfires and wildfire danger;〔(Perry's disaster request letter ) Apr 16, 2011.〕 the request was partially approved on July 1, 2011. Critics of the governor's relief efforts point to his budget cuts to the Texas Forest Service which provides a first line of defense against wildfires. Overall, wildfires in Texas during 2011 caused $510.927 million in damages and caused six fatalities, though an additional 62 people were injured. ==Background== The 2010 Texas wildfire season began on November 15. A La Niña weather pattern that began in the summer of 2010 brought widespread drought to Texas. The percentage of exceptional drought in the state was the highest since the United States Drought Monitor began tracking the data in 2000.〔("Texas drought worst in recent history" ''ConnectAmarillo.com'' ) May 5, 2011.〕 A pattern of troughs from the Pacific Northwest brought strong winds over the plains. These weather conditions coupled with an above normal grass fuel loading created conditions for an active fire season.〔Tom Spencer and Brad Smith. ("Winter 2011 Wildland Fire Season Outlook for Texas" ''Texas Forest Service'' ) Sep 24, 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「2011 Texas wildfires」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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